Retesting or Confirmation Testing:- Retesting is done by the tester to ensure that the defects reported in the previous build has been fixed. In Retesting, tester re-run the failed test cases.
Lets consider a scenario where a build is found to have 15 defects, which are then assigned to the developers for fixing. Once all these defects or bugs are fixed by the developers, the build is retested to verify whether the defects or bugs have been fixed or not. which is why we call it retesting or confirmation testing.
(Defect/bugs verification is also a part of Re-testing).
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